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Who must be appointed by the IRB to give consent for study participation of child wards of the state?

  1. The child's guardian

  2. A government official

  3. An advocate appointed by the IRB

  4. Any willing adult

The correct answer is: An advocate appointed by the IRB

This is because child wards of the state may not have a designated legal guardian and therefore cannot rely on the appointed guardian for consent. A government official may have a bias towards the study and cannot provide unbiased consent. Any willing adult may not have the proper knowledge or understanding of the study to provide informed consent. Therefore, an advocate appointed by the IRB would be the most suitable choice to give consent for study participation of child wards of the state. They are not affiliated with the study and are trained to represent the best interests of the child.